Breast Cancer Tests Every Woman Should Know About

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide — but early detection saves lives. Awareness about symptoms, screening methods, and diagnostic tests empowers women to seek medical help in time. In Pakistan, regular breast screenings and self-examinations can play a vital role in reducing mortality caused by late-stage detection.

This guide provides essential information about breast cancer, diagnosis, and key tests every woman should consider.


1. What Is Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in breast tissue. These cells can form a lump or spread to other parts of the body if not detected early.

It typically begins in the ducts (ductal carcinoma) or lobules (lobular carcinoma) of the breast.


2. Common Symptoms of Breast Cancer

Recognizing early warning signs is crucial. Visit a healthcare professional if you notice any of the following:

  • A new lump or thickening in the breast or underarm area
  • Change in breast size, shape, or appearance
  • Dimpling or puckering of the breast skin
  • Nipple discharge (especially blood-stained)
  • Pain or tenderness in the breast
  • Redness or peeling of the nipple or breast skin

Tip: Perform monthly self-examinations after your menstrual cycle ends, and consult your doctor if you feel any unusual change.


3. Breast Cancer Awareness: Why It Matters

Awareness encourages women to undergo screening and diagnostic tests regularly. Many women ignore mild symptoms or delay checkups due to fear or lack of knowledge.
Campaigns during Breast Cancer Awareness Month (October) aim to educate communities about prevention, early detection, and the importance of regular checkups.


4. Risk Factors of Breast Cancer

While breast cancer can affect anyone, certain factors increase the risk:

Risk FactorDescription
AgeRisk increases with age, especially after 40
Family HistoryHaving close relatives with breast cancer
Genetic MutationsBRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations
Hormonal FactorsEarly menstruation or late menopause
ObesityIncreases estrogen levels
Alcohol ConsumptionLinked to higher cancer risk
Lack of Physical ActivityReduces immunity and hormonal balance

5. Essential Diagnostic Tests for Breast Cancer

Accurate diagnosis helps determine the right treatment approach. Below are key tests used for breast cancer screening and confirmation:

Test NamePurposeDescription
Mammography (Screening Test)Early detectionLow-dose X-ray that detects lumps before they are felt
Breast UltrasoundDiagnosticUses sound waves to differentiate between solid and fluid-filled lumps
Breast MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)DiagnosticProvides detailed images for high-risk patients or dense breast tissue
BiopsyConfirmationRemoves a small tissue sample for laboratory examination
Hormone Receptor TestsTreatment planningDetermines if cancer cells are estrogen or progesterone receptor–positive
HER2 TestTreatment planningDetects HER2 protein overexpression that drives cancer growth

Recommended Screening Age: Women aged 40 and above should undergo annual mammography or as advised by their healthcare provider.


6. Preventive Tips for Breast Health

  • Maintain a healthy weight and balanced diet
  • Exercise regularly (at least 30 minutes a day)
  • Limit alcohol and avoid smoking
  • Conduct monthly breast self-exams
  • Schedule regular clinical breast exams and mammograms
  • Discuss family history with your doctor

7. Importance of Early Detection

Early detection not only saves lives but also reduces the need for aggressive treatments. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), breast cancer survival rates exceed 90% when detected early.

At Nayab Labs & Diagnostic Centre, we offer advanced breast cancer screening services, including Mammography, Breast Ultrasound, and Blood Tests for hormonal evaluation — ensuring accurate results with complete confidentiality.


Conclusion

Breast cancer is treatable when diagnosed early. Regular screenings, awareness, and proactive health habits are your strongest defense.
Take charge of your health — schedule your breast screening today at a trusted diagnostic center near you.

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